GNSS KnowledgeBase / Formats & Protocols / RINEX



RINEX


RINEX2

RINEX: The Receiver Independent Exchange Format. 2 - stands for 2-nd generation of the format. Version 2.12 is the latest available within 2-nd generation. Format is not recommended for modern receivers since there is no full support of all GNSS / SVs / Signals available. RINEX3 & RINEX4 are supposed to be used instead. However, this is till tons of GNSS data saved and provided in RINEX2 as well as many GNSS related software are focused on this format.


RINEX3

RINEX Version 3 developed in the early 2000s to support multi-GNSS and to clearly identified the tracking modes of each of the observations by introducing and defining 3-character observation codes for all GNSS constellations.


RINEX4

RINEX Version 4 introduced in 2021 as a necessary step to support the modern multi-GNSS navigation messages by introducing and defining navigation ‘data records’ to hold both individual satellite navigation messages, constellation-wide parameters and global parameters as transmitted by the different GNSS constellations.

Dedicated observation codes are used in RINEX to distinguish individual signals and tracking modes. RINEX Version 4 Observation Codes are presented in the table below.



Signal RINEX Code
GPS
L1/1575.42
C/A1C
L1C (D)1S
L1C (P)1L
L1C (D+P)1X
P (AS off)1P
Z-tracking and similar (AS on)1W
Y1Y
M1M
codeless1N
M (RMP antenna)1R
L2/1227.60
C/A2C
L1(C/A) + (P2-P1)(semi-codeless)2D
L2C (M)2S
L2C (L)2L
L2C (M+L)2X
P (AS off)2P
Z-tracking and similar (AS on)2W
Y2Y
M2M
codeless2N
M (RMP antenna)2R
L5/1176.45
I5I
Q5Q
I+Q5X
GLONASS
G1/ 1602+k*9/16 k= -7….+12
C/A1C
P1P
G1a/ 1600.995
L1OCd4A
L1OCp4B
L1OCd+ L1OCp4X
G2/ 1246+k*7/16
C/A2C
P2P
G2a/ 1248.06
L2CSI6A
L2OCp6B
L2CSI+ L2OCp6X
G3 / 1202.025
I3I
Q3Q
I+Q3X
Galileo
E1 / 1575.42
A PRS1A
B OS data1B
C OS pilot1C
B+C1X
A+B+C1Z
E5a / 1176.45
I F/NAV OS5I
Q no data5Q
I+Q5X
E5b / 1207.140
I I/NAV OS/CS/SoL7I
Q no data7Q
I+Q7X
E5(E5a+E5b) / 1191.795
I8I
Q8Q
I+Q8X
E6 / 1278.75
A PRS6A
B C/NAV CS6B
C no data6C
B+C6X
A+B+C6Z
SBAS
L1 / 1575.42
C/A1C
L5 / 1176.45
I5I
Q5Q
I+Q5X
QZSS
L1 / 1575.42
C/A1C
C/B1E
L1C (D)1S
L1C (P)1L
L1C (D+P)1X
L1S/L1-SAIF1Z
L1Sb1B
L2 / 1227.60
L2C (M)2S
L2C (L)2L
L2C (M+L)2X
L5 / 1176.45 *) Block I+II Signals **) Block II L5S Signals
I *5I
Q *5Q
I+Q *5X
L5S(I) **5D
L5S(Q) **5P
L5S(I+Q) **5Z
L6 / 1278.75 *) Block I LEX Signals **) Block II Signals
L6D *,**6S
L6P *6L
L6(D+P) *6X
L6E **6E
L6(D+E) **6Z
BDS
B1 / 1561.098 (BDS-2/3 Signals)
I (B1I signal)2I
Q2Q
I+Q2X
B1C / 1575.42 (BDS-3 Signals)
Data1D
Pilot1P
Data+Pilot1X
B1A / 1575.42 (BDS-3 Signals)
Data1S
Pilot1L
Data+Pilot1Z
B2a / 1176.45 (BDS-3 Signals)
Data5D
Pilot5P
Data+Pilot5X
B2 / 1207.140 (BDS-2 Signals)
I (B2I signal)7I
Q7Q
I+Q7X
B2b / 1207.140 (BDS-3 Signals)
Data7D
Pilot7P
Data+Pilot7Z
B2(B2a+B2b)/1191.795 (BDS-3 Signals)
Data8D
Pilot8P
Data+Pilot8X
B3/1268.52 (BDS-2/3 Signals)
I6I
Q6Q
I+Q6X
B3A / 1268.52 (BDS-3 Signals)
Data6D
Pilot6P
Data+Pilot6Z
NavIC
L1 / 1575.42
Data1D
Pilot1P
Data+Pilot1X
L5 / 1176.45
A SPS5A
B RS (D)5B
C RS (P)5C
B+C5X
S / 2492.028
A SPS9A
B RS (D)9B
C RS (P)9C
B+C9X



Compact RINEX (Hatanaka Compressed)

Compressed RINEX data also known as Hatanaka-compressed. Introduced and developed by Y. Hatanaka (GSI, Japan). Allows to considerable reduce size of RINEX files. Widely used for GNSS data storage on servers and data exchange. RNXCMP utility may be used for coding / decoding Compact RINEX files. It converts GNSS observation files from the RINEX format (version 2.xx, 3.xx or 4.xx) to a compressed format and vice versa.




KernelSAT services support decoding and visualization of RINEX2, RINEX3, RINEX4, Compact RINEX (Hatanaka Compressed, version 1 and 3) observations (OBS) files w/ GNSS measurements.




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